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Silicon powder (CAS number 7440-21-3) is a semiconducting material with a bandgap of 1.12 eV. It was a dominant material during the late 20th century to early 21st century, referred to as the 'Silicon Age' which saw the emergence of the silicon valley in California. Since then, it has been applied to a huge variety of technology that requires a semiconducting component ranging from MOSFETs to solar panels.
Silicon powder recently draws attention on its application as an anode material for Li-ion batteries (LIBs), owing to its high theoretical capacity of 3579 mAh/g (for Li15Si4). Si-based anodes show high energy density, limit growth of interphase, and are free of Li dendrites in solid state batteries. Silicon's high relative abundance and low working potential makes it a prime candidate for the next-generation of batteries.
Silicon powder can easily be engineered with other materials for high-performance batteries with a specific capacity of 913 mAh/g. Silicon powder can be further functionalized with vinylene carbonates and polyethylene oxides for enhanced stability. Silicon powder has excellent bonding capabilities, making it ideal when used in coatings on varying surfaces and preventing corrosion and oxidation. The ability of silicon to form resilient composites makes it a versatile component within battery design.
General Information
| CAS Number | 7440-21-3 |
|---|---|
| Chemical Formula | Si |
| Full Name | Silicon |
| Molecular Weight | 28.09 g/mol |
| Synonyms | Si powder, Silicon particles, Silicon microparticles, Silicon nanoparticles |
| Classification or Family | Batteries, Photocatalysis, Fuel cells, Anode active materials, Solid-state batteries |
Silicon Powder
| Product Code | M2442A1 | M2442B1 |
|---|---|---|
| Purity | > 99.5% | > 99.99% |
| Average Particle Size | 90 nm | 10 µm |
| Crystal Structure | Polycrystalline | Diamond cubic |
| True Density | 2.3 g/cm3 | 2.3 g/cm3 |
| Specific Surface Area | 45 – 80 m2/g | N/A |
| Appearance | Dark brown powder | Dark grey/blue powder |


